Here is Yoko Ono, the Fluxus performance artist, channeling Schwitters as she covers Katy Perry.

This is Marcel Mauss, looking like a boss, whose idea that human culture is based on giving gifts, both practical and symbolic, became central to Structuralism in France.

This is Alexander Bain, who not only has all the sideburns, but was credited by Peirce with one of the core ideas of Pragmatism: A belief is something on which one acts. This is also similar to the Neo-Confucian philosopher Wang Yangming, who argued that reading and memorizing Confucius’ Analects was not enough to know the text if one did not act in accord with Confucius’ ideas.

An Arabic depiction of Aristotle. Muslims consider Greek philosophers to be part of their own tradition, as do Christians and Western Europeans, in spite of the fact that these philosophers believed in many gods. Notice how dark Aristotle is depicted in skin tone, and the Chinese style folding book on the book stand between them, the same sort of book we use today, which Chinese style wood pulp paper, the sort of thing Aristotle could not possibly have owned.

